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Resume theory
Read time4 min readUpdatedDecember 2025

The resume as signal vs the resume as clarity

Two competing views of what a resume does - and how evidence supports the clarity view.

The Evidence

Clarity View

Field evidence suggests that clearer writing improves hiring outcomes without reducing employer satisfaction.1

Two paths

One view treats the resume as a signal. The other treats it as a clarity device.1

Signal view

Outcome is about signaling quality to overcome uncertainty.

Clarity view

Outcome improves because clarity lets recruiters evaluate true ability faster.

Fig. 1 - Two interpretations of why good resumes work.

Why this matters

If the clarity view is correct, then better writing is not just polish - it is a hiring lever.1

Clarity wins

Clear writing raises the probability that your signal is actually seen.

Signal still matters

Recruiter lens: clarity is necessary, but evidence is what closes the decision.

A fast clarity test

Recruiter lens: if a reader cannot extract the outcome in a quick skim, the bullet does not work. The field evidence on writing quality supports this idea of clarity as an access point.1

  • First seven words should reveal the action or outcome.
  • Remove role adjectives that do not change the story.
  • Make the metric or impact visible before line wrap.

Signal and clarity work together

Clarity does not replace proof. It makes proof visible. The strongest resumes use clarity to deliver the signal and then back it with evidence, not adjectives.

Definition: clarity device

A clarity device reduces the effort needed to understand ability. The resume is that device when written well.1

Limitations

  • Clarity improves access to evidence but cannot create missing outcomes.
  • The cited field evidence is context-specific and may not generalize to every role.

FAQ

What is the signal view?

It treats resumes as signals of capability that reduce uncertainty.

What is the clarity view?

It treats resumes as tools that help recruiters evaluate real ability faster.

Which view is correct?

Both can be true. Evidence suggests clarity has measurable effects in hiring outcomes.


How RIYP responds

01

Clarity scoring

We measure how quickly a reader can extract your signal.

02

Evidence-first editing

We move proof earlier in the line to reduce ambiguity.

Sources

  1. Algorithmic Writing Assistance Increases Hiring - NBER Working Paper (2023).

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